UD Principles & Goals

The Seven Principles of Universal Design:

1. Equitable Use--The design does not stigmatize or disadvantage.

2. Flexibility in Use--The design accommodates a wide range of individual preferences and abilities.

3. Simple and Intuitive Use--Use of the design is easy to understand, regardless of the users experience, knowledge, language skills or current concentration level.

4. Perceptible Information--The design communicates necessary information effectively to the user regardless of ambient conditions or the user's sensory abilities.

5. Tolerance for Error--The design minimizes hazards and the adverse consequences of accidental or unintended actions.

6. Low Physical Effort--The design can be used efficiently and comfortably, and with a minimum of fatigue.

7. Size and Space for Approach and Use--Appropriate size and space is provided for approach, reach, manipulation, and use, regardless of the user's body size, posture or mobility. 

(Center for Universal Design 1997; Cornell et al, 1997)

The 8 goals of Universal Design are:

 1. Body Fit--Accommodating a broad range of body sizes and abilities.

2. Comfort--Keeping demands within desirable limits of body function.

3. Awareness--Ensuring that critical information for use is easily perceived.

4. Understanding--Making methods of operation and use intuitive, clear and unambiguous.

5. Wellness--Contributing to health promotion, avoidance of disease and prevention of injury.

6. Social integration--Treating all groups with dignity and respect.

7. Personalization--Incorporating opportunities for choice and the expression of individual preferences.

8. Cultural appropriateness--Respecting and reinforcing cultural values and the social and environmental context of any design project.

* Universal Design, Creating Inclusive Environments

by Edward Steinfeld & Jordana L. Maisel